Friday Factoids: Bullying in the Workplace

 

 

Bullying. What do you think of when you hear that word? What age demographic immediately springs to the forefront of your mind? What specific behaviors and images does your mind immediately conjure?

 

Without being especially informed or at all learned about the topic, I would have guessed that bullying reaches its peak around elementary school, and progressively wanes as children become more mature going through middle and high school. That’s not to ludicrously state that bullying completely and magically dissolves in the teenage years, but rather a (speculative) statement that traditional bullying behaviors (name calling, hitting, etc.) are not as frequent or blatant as children progress past elementary school.

 

A new nationwide study conducted by CareerBuilder that polled 3, 400 full time employees in the private sector across many different industries yielded results indicating that nearly 33 % of individuals in the workforce experienced bullying and, startlingly, 20 % have left their job due to it. Rosemary Haefner, an HR representative, stated that “Bullying impacts workers of all backgrounds regardless of race, education, income, and level of authority within an organization.” Although workplace bullying tended to affect more women than men (34% to 22 %), both ratios were fairly high. Regarding ethnicity, the numbers of those that felt bullied were relatively even: 25 % Latino, 27 % African American, and 24 % Caucasian.

 

“Professional bullying” is difficult to tackle head on, as the metric defining this kind bullying is elusive, diffuse and ambiguous. It is not the relatively basic conceptualization of bullying that exists in the schoolyard, which generally existed within the parameters of simplicity. This type of bullying has evolved to become increasingly complex and insidiously adaptive. “Professional bullying” can be direct, such as belittling, intimidation, and open criticism in front of others, or more subtle, such as passive aggressiveness, being ignored or dismissed, or being excluded from projects, etc. What do you make of this information? Are you at all surprised? What steps can be taken to reduce professional bullying?

 

Dill, Catherine. (2014, September).  One in five workers have left their job because of bullying.  Retrieved from Forbes.

 

Faisal Roberts, MA
WKPIC Doctoral Intern

 

 

Friday Factoids: Blood Test for Depression?

 

Results yielded from a new study from the Northwestern University indicate that researchers may be able to discern if adults have depression simply from blood tests. This may be groundbreaking news in the world of psychology, as it would be the first objective method that can screen for depression.

 

The study, led by Dr. Eva Redei, states that approximately 7 % of the population in the United States experiences depression; however, depression can often take many months–or in some cases, even years–to discover, diagnose, and treat. This can be problematic for both the individual experiencing depression, as well as their family and friends, as the longer the delay, the more difficult it can be to treat the depression.

 

The research team used a sample size of 64 adults (ages 21-79); 32 were diagnosed with depression, and 32 were not. The test worked by measuring the blood concentration of nine genetic indicators, referred to as “RNA markers.” RNA molecules in a cell are what interpret its genetic code. It then can execute the instructions from the DNA. In this study, RNA is isolated from the blood and measured. There are differences when comparing RNA levels between the depressed and non-depressed population. The test purportedly is 72-80 % effective, which the researchers state is similar to the effectiveness rates for the standard diagnostic clinical interviews.

 

Further testing is required in order to conclusively determine if this study will be able to maintain its reliability, but it appears to be an extremely valid start. It is amazing to think how technological advancements may benefit the world of psychology in the future.

 

 

Haelle, T. (2014, September).  Blood Test Spots Adult Depression: Study. HealthDay. Retrieved from http://health.usnews.com/healthnews/articles/2014/09/16/blood-test-spots-adult-depression-study

 

Faisal Roberts, MA
WKPIC Doctoral Intern

 

 

Friday Factoids: The Skills System

 

 

Julie F. Brown has modified DBT techniques for use with individuals with intellectual disabilities. The Skills System is comprised of skills and tools for effectively managing emotions, thoughts, and actions. Her guide for clinicians, The Skills System Instructor’s Guide: An Emotion Regulation Skills Curriculum for All Learning Abilities (2011) can be purchased through Amazon.

 

See her website www.theskillssystem.com for more information about this practical approach. Several psychologists in our department have been trained on this system and are finding it extremely useful in our work at the hospital.

 

 

Danielle M. McNeill, M.S., M.A.
Doctoral Intern
Western State Hospital

 

Friday Factoids: New Synthetic Drug Alert

 

 

A dangerous new drug has been associated with several deaths in Indiana. The drug “N-bomb” (25i-NBOMe) is a synthetic substance considered easy to manufacture and classified as a hallucinogen similar to LSD. The substance takes many forms including white powder, brown powder, or liquid that is then mixed with alcohol or energy drinks or placed on blotter paper.

 

There are many reports that dealers are selling the substance as LSD, when in fact they are selling the more lethal “N-bomb.” Side effects can last approximately 15 hours and include hallucinations, confusion, panic, paranoia, euphoria, anxiety, agitation, depression, violence, and death.

 

This substance is particularly dangerous because fatality can result from one dose, not just an overdose. The DEA classified this substance as a Schedule I substance in November 2013. The drug appears to be more popular among teens and young adults.

 

Danielle M. McNeill, M.S., M.A.
Doctoral Intern
Western State Hospital

 

 

Friday Factoids: Violence, Video Games, and Slenderman

 

 

When one thinks of deadly murderous duos, names that may come to the mind include: Leopold and Loeb; Lucas and Toole; Bianchi and Buono; and Lake and Ng. It’s no surprise to most that these notorious and sadistic male killers were accomplices who acted out their fantasies on their victims. Rarely do we hear of female killer duos like Gwen Graham and Catherine May, two nurses who smothered six patients in their care; Delfina and Maria Gonzales, who lured unsuspecting women into a deadly cult of prostitution; Christine and Lea Papin, French maids who gruesomely murdered their employers and their daughter with a hammer; and Pauline Parker and Juliet Hulme, two obsessed and devoted teenagers who murdered Parker’s mother. While these women were from an era that predated the internet, one wonders if their exposure to violent images in television media and video games would have driven many more to commit such heinous acts.

 

With the arrival of the World Wide Web and internet video games, young children and teenagers were exposed to an onslaught of video content that has become increasingly realistic and violent.  Research conducted in the 1980s by Huesmann and Eron (1986) as cited by the American Psychology Association (APA, 2013), determined that elementary students who watched excessive amounts of television violence displayed higher levels of aggression as teenagers.  Recently, two 12-year- old girls from Wisconsin attributed their violent attack and attempted murder of their best friend to an online video game called “Slenderman.” The girls stated they desired to earn favor with the mythical character by luring their friend to the woods near their home and stabbing her 19 times. Prior to the attack, the girls repeatedly played the video game and planned the attack for months. When asked by authorities their motivation for such a violent act, the girls reported they wanted to prove Slenderman was real.

 

According to Traister (2014), belief in a mythical fantasy world can intensify the connection between young women and can potentially lead to violent behavior. Traister further added, “The two Wisconsin preteens aren’t the first to confuse socially-crafted fiction into reality.” Unsurprisingly, this will not be the last.  Virtual reality internet video games on our youth can be something that will continue to worry parents and may perhaps become the focus of significant future psychological research.

 

References:
Huesmann, L. R., & Eron, L. D. (1986). Television and the aggressive child: A cross-national comparison. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

 

Traister, R. (2014). The slender man stabbing shows girls will be girls too. Retrieved from http://www.newrepublic.com/article/118005/slenderman-stabbing-shows-youth-crime-isnt-exclusive-boys

 

Violence in the Media (2013).  Psychologist study tv and video game violence for potential harmful effects. Retrieved from  https://www.apa.org/research/action/protect.aspx

 

David J. Wright, MA., MSW
WKPIC Doctoral Intern